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Brain Iron Detected by SWI High Pass Filtered Phase Calibrated with Synchrotron X-Ray Fluorescence

Identifieur interne : 001A83 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001A82; suivant : 001A84

Brain Iron Detected by SWI High Pass Filtered Phase Calibrated with Synchrotron X-Ray Fluorescence

Auteurs : Karla Hopp [Canada] ; Bogdan F. Gh. Popescu [Canada] ; Richard P. E. Mccrea [Canada] ; Sheri L. Harder [États-Unis] ; Christopher A. Robinson [Canada] ; Mark E. Haacke [États-Unis] ; Ali H. Rajput [Canada] ; Alex Rajput [Canada] ; Helen Nichol [Canada]

Source :

RBID : PMC:3843009

English descriptors

Abstract

Purpose

To test the ability of susceptibility weighted images (SWI) and high pass filtered phase images to localize and quantify brain iron.

Materials and Methods

Magnetic resonance (MR) images of human cadaver brain hemispheres were collected using a gradient echo based SWI sequence at 1.5T. For X-ray fluorescence (XRF) mapping, each brain was cut to obtain slices that reasonably matched the MR images and iron was mapped at the iron K-edge at 50 or 100 μm resolution. Iron was quantified using XRF calibration foils. Phase and iron XRF were averaged within anatomic regions of one slice, chosen for its range of iron concentrations and nearly perfect anatomic correspondence. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to determine if the chemical form of iron was different in regions with poorer correspondence between iron and phase.

Results

Iron XRF maps, SWI, and high pass filtered phase data in nine brain slices from five subjects were visually very similar, particularly in high iron regions. The chemical form of iron could not explain poor matches. The correlation between the concentration of iron and phase in the cadaver brain was estimated as cFe [μg/g tissue] = 850Δφ + 110.

Conclusion

The phase shift Δφ was found to vary linearly with iron concentration with the best correspondence found in regions with high iron content.


Url:
DOI: 10.1002/jmri.22201
PubMed: 20512886
PubMed Central: 3843009


Affiliations:


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<p id="P1">To test the ability of susceptibility weighted images (SWI) and high pass filtered phase images to localize and quantify brain iron.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S2">
<title>Materials and Methods</title>
<p id="P2">Magnetic resonance (MR) images of human cadaver brain hemispheres were collected using a gradient echo based SWI sequence at 1.5T. For X-ray fluorescence (XRF) mapping, each brain was cut to obtain slices that reasonably matched the MR images and iron was mapped at the iron K-edge at 50 or 100 μm resolution. Iron was quantified using XRF calibration foils. Phase and iron XRF were averaged within anatomic regions of one slice, chosen for its range of iron concentrations and nearly perfect anatomic correspondence. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to determine if the chemical form of iron was different in regions with poorer correspondence between iron and phase.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3">
<title>Results</title>
<p id="P3">Iron XRF maps, SWI, and high pass filtered phase data in nine brain slices from five subjects were visually very similar, particularly in high iron regions. The chemical form of iron could not explain poor matches. The correlation between the concentration of iron and phase in the cadaver brain was estimated as
<italic>c
<sub>Fe</sub>
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[μg/g tissue] = 850Δφ + 110.</p>
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